Bishop Moynagh advises Sister Mary Martin. He is in favour of the foundation and explains why.

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Dear Sr Mary,

I am glad to have an opportunity of saying how much I value the... Medical mission work is of the utmost importance, as anyone who has worked on the Missions or knows the circumstances will admit. It is a work in which the Protestant Sects too have taken a very big part here in Nigeria, because, unfortunately, they are better equipped and have more material resources than we have.

Now, I am completely convinced of the need of a religious congregation of some kind to undertake this work, especially if we want to make that branch of Mission work the outstanding success it ought to be. I know it is possible to accomplish much with the aid of the religious congregations already at work, together with lay medical helpers. But there are many difficulties in the way.

Lay medical workers of the right type are not easy to find. Even when found, the length of their stay on the Mission-field is uncertain. There is not the same continuity about their work that would characterise the work of a religious society.

Besides, the employing of lay medical workers entails expenses on the Mission which make it extremely difficult to do the work in that way.

And, as always with lay medical workers, there is the danger that people who are not suited may come to the Mission-field.

For these reasons, I am glad that you are making the attempt to have a body of religious who will have a specialized training in medical work — and I pray that God may bless your undertaking and that He may guide you throughout.

With sincerest good wishes,

ORIGINAL OCR
Dear Sr ary,
I am glad to have an opportupity of saving how much I walue the
Medical misaion work is of the utmost importance, as anyone who
has worked op the Missions or knows the circumstances wild admit. 1t is
A work in which the Protostant Sects too have taken a very big part hero
in Migeria, because, unfortunately, they are better squipped and have
more material rosources than we have.
Mow, I am completely conwinced of the need of a religious congre
gntion of some kind to undertake this work, especially if we want to make
that branch of Mission work the outstanding suscess it ought to be. 2
Anow it 1s possible to accomplish much with the aid of the religious
congregations already at work, together with lay medical helpers. But
there are many difficulties ip the way. -
Lay medical workors of the right type are not easy to find,
Evep whe found, the length of their stay on the Misaion-field is
uncertain. There is not the same continuyity about their work that
would characterise the work of a religious society.
Aesides, the employing of Lay medical workers entsils expen-
Aes on the MissionmticH which make it extremely difficult to do
the worke in that way.
Ana,artaye mitb lay Redical worrere, tere i9 the azRgee
that people who are not suited may come to the Mission-field.
Mror these reasone, I am glad that you are maktng the attempt to
have s body of religious who will have a specialized training ip medical
mork - and i pray that God may bless your urdertakins ard that He may
sulde you thcoushout.
Mith sincerest good wishee,

Typed letter to a Bishop. Author not given

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Your Eminence,

May I humbly express the great joy and gratitude I feel to God for the pronouncement made by the S.C. de Prop. Fide, asking for Religious Institutes to be founded to come to the spiritual and bodily aid of the Mother & Child in Pagan Countries, as it has answered absolutely all my secret aspirations, desires, prayers, and work of past years and specially after my three years experience on the Mission field in the vicariate of Southern Nigeria.

E m i n e n c e

The Instructions issued by the S.C. de Prop. Fide, in date of Febr. 11th 1936, about the spiritual and bodily aid to the Mothers and Children in Pagan Countries filled the heart of all Christians with joy and gratitude.

Specially have they been received as Divine Providence's own answer by some Irish girls, who were expecting it for more than two years in prayer and preparation of spiritual work. The same spirit gathered them around Miss Marie Martin, and under her conduct, who, after experience of active work in three years in the field of Mission in the Vicariate of Southern Nigeria, and having carefully examined that delicate and urgent question, had shared with them the desire to imitate the august doing of the Mother of God, the B. Virgin Mary in her Visitation to Elizabeth, to put themselves in the service of their sisters, still suffering in the shadow of death, and to answer, as soon as Rome would have spoken, the appeal of the Vicars Apostolic of Calabar, Onitsha, Northern Nigeria... anxious to see the work started in their Vicariates.

Anxious then themselves to remain in perfect agreement with the instructions of the S.C., they allow themselves to submit to Your Eminence, and by Him to the Holy See the Scheme elaborated since many years, at the request of aforesaid Vicars Apostolic.

The small group, while all branches of medical work were within its scope, aimed at making special provision for all medical assistance to the Mother & Child — and so happens to be in exact conformity with the instruction of the S.C.

(b) The Society intended to make very special provision for the spiritual safeguard of the Sisters, and therefore put themselves for their spiritual formation under the direction of the Benedictine Fathers in Glenstal Priory, Murroe, Co Limerick, since 1934.

A member of the Community has been appointed as Spiritual Director, and has instructed them in the obligations of religious life, and more practically in the spirit & work of the future Society, directing them in the practice of religious virtue, — so that they secured the benefits of a regular novitiate.

Having so filially and humbly exposed their aim, and work, and hope, Miss Marie Martin and her small... group of pioneers wish to place...

I have been anxiously awaiting a pronouncement from Rome, before coming forward publicly, and now I wish to put our Scheme before His Holiness & the S.C. giving you a short account of our aim & what we have realised.

Scheme — as elaborated since many years, at the request & under the direction of some Vicars Apostolic anxious to see the work started in their Vicariates Calabar, Onitsha, N. Nigeria — happens to be in exact conformity with the instruction of the S.C. of P. of F. 11th Feb. 1936.

While all branches of medical work were within its scope, the Society, inspired by the example of Our Lady's Visitation to Saint Elizabeth (and now by the instructions of the S.C. de Prop. Fide) aimed at making special provision for all medical assistance to the Mother & Child. The Society intended to make very special provision for the spiritual safeguard of the Sisters.

We have been able to realise:

(a) We have put ourselves, for our spiritual formation under the direction of the Benedictine Fathers in Glenstal Priory, Murroe, Co Limerick, since 1934. A member of the Community has been appointed as Spiritual Director to our little group, giving us conferences twice weekly on the spiritual life in general, & more particularly on the religious spirit of work & obligation of the future Society. He is always at our disposal for all private directions. Our life has been lived as far as possible the regular life of a Noviciate.

(b) We have been working on the lines of a secular Society, we have taken & prepared ourselves for private vows.

(c) The group at present consists of one fully qualified Nurse, with C.M.B., another with C.S.M.G., two leaving for Maternity training in the National Maternity Hospital Dublin, this spring, having first taken private vows. The other members are being first spiritually tested and formed, with a view of being trained technically. One Med. Student in her 4th year is attending the University, with the intention of joining when Qualified. One fully Qualified L. Doctor is considering joining as well as 5 other Candidates, which includes another fully Qualified Nurse, with C.M.B. Certificate.

(d) As Mons. Moynagh, Prefect Apostolic of Calabar, has a hospital awaiting our first unit to take over; in the meantime we arranged for two catholic secular Nurses to hold the hospital till we are formed into a Religious Society.

(e) Financial We have been able to support our members without going into debts. We have the interest on roughly £250 a year. A sum of £600, First Contribution to building fund. Eventually dowries & pension of Candidates who would be able to help in this way.

The generous contribution of the Irish people which may be relied upon, as soon as the work will have received official recognition from the Apostolic See — when it is our intention to start burses for the expenses of training.

In the Mission field we shall be supported by the Mission, salaries, & Government grants to hospitals where our helpers will be stationed.

ORIGINAL OCR TEXT

SHemre MaMeeMe6
R
2o73o1.26/532
May I humbly expres the great joy and gratitude f feel to God Cor the pra
Douncomont made by tho C.C,de Prop, Fide,asking for Goligious Gmatittop t0
be founded to come to the spiritual and bodily aid of the Mother & Child in
Pagan Countries,as it has anewered absolutely all my secret aspirations,dene
Sires, prayers,and worle of past years and specialiy after ry thres wears ex
Serience on the Missiop field in the vicariate of Southern Migeria.
E m i n e n c o
Ehe TAetructions issued bw the S.C.de prop.Fide, ip date of Febr.MAth
1035, about the spiritual abd bodidy aid to the Mothers and Children ig
Ragab Coutries filled the heart of all christians witb ioy and gratitude.
Apacialy hawe they bo roceived as Sivine Prowidence's owo answer bw somo
Arish girls,who were expectis it for more than two vears ir praver ande
Sreparatior of apiritual work. The same spitit gathered them around MisE
Harie Martin,and under her conduct,who,after experience of active work tR
three wears ir the field of Mission in the Vicariate of Southern Migeria,
And having carefully examined that delicate and urgept quastior,had shared
Mith them the dosire to imitate the august doing of the srother of God, the
M.Wirgin Mary io her Wisitation to Elizabeth,to out themaelves in the ger-
wice of their sisters, stild suffering ip the chadow of death,and to ans-
Mer, as soon Home would have spoken,the appeal of the Wicars Apostol5c of
Calabar,Onitshia,Morthern wigeria.. sanxious to see the worle started ir
their Wicatiates.
Anxions then themselves to remain ip perfect agreement with the instruc
Lions of the S,C.,thew aldow themselves to submitt to Your Eminence,and by
Him to the Moly Aee the Scheme elaborated since many years,at the request
of afeoresaid Vicars Apostolic.
Ihe small group,whide all brabches of medical work were withip its sco-
De,aimed at making special provision for all medical aasistance to the Mo-
ther & Child - and so hapbens to be ip exact conformity with the instruction
DE the S.C.
(h) he Society intended to make wery apecial provision for the spirit-
ual safeguard of the Sisters. and therefore put themselves for their spir.
itual formatior under the direction of the Senedcctine Fathers is Glensm
Lal Priory,murroe,Go iimerick,since 195d.
A member of the Comunity has beep appointed as spiritual birector,
And has instruted them in the obligations of religious 1ife,and more prac
Licaldg ir the spirit & worle of the future Society,directiag them in the
practice of relisious victue,- so that they secured the tenefits of a reg
gular novitiate.
2
31
2
5if3.-
Havipg so riially aro humbly exposed their aim, and worY, and hore, Ms8
Marie artio and her small 3xrtiw srouo of pioneers wish to place......
1 have been anxiously awaiting a pronouncement from Rome,before coming 5oe
ward publicly,and now I wish to put our Acheme before His Holiness & the S.G
giving you a short account of our aim & what we have realised,
Scneme - as elaborated since mapy years,at the reduest & under the direction
of some Wicars Apostolic axious to see the worle started ip their Vicariaten
Calabar,Onitchia,M. Migeria - happens to be in exact conformity with the in-
Atructiop of the S.C. of P.of r. 11th Feb.1o35.
Thile all branches of medical work were withim its scope, the Society, in.
Apided by the example of Our Kady's Visitation to Gaint Elizabeth (and pom
Dy the instructions of the S.C.de Prop.Wide) aimed at moking speciai provi-
Siop Cor ald medical asaishance to the Mother & Child.The Societw intendea
4o make wery special provision for the spititual safeguard of the Sisters.
Me have bean able to realise.
1d Me have out ourselves, for cur spiritual Cormation under the diractior
of the Benedictine "athers is Glenstal Priory,Murroe,Co M.mericlt,since Lo&ds
A member of the Commubity has been appointed as spiritual Director to our
1ittle gcoup, giving us conferences twice weekly on the spitituad 1ife ip gen
eral,& more particularly on the religious epirit f,work & obligation of the
Euture Scciety.Me is always at our disposal for all private directions Gur
1ife as beer Mived as fac as pocsible the regular 1ife of a Howiciater
La) Me have beer working on the lines of a secuiar Mociety,we have taken &
Srepared ourselves for private vows.
(c) he group at present consists of one fuldy qualified Murse,with C.M.B.
Amother with C.3t.E,.3 two caviag for Maternity traihihg in the Wational Ma
Lernity Mospital Bublip, this spring,having first takep private wows, The otR
Sr members are being first spiritually tested and formed,with a wiew of Mrig
Hoing tooined tochoicaljy, Sne Med,Student i her Ath year i5 attendibg tho
Mniversity,with the intentionof ioining when Qualified. One fully Qualifiede
I.Doctor is considering joining as well as 5 other Landidates,which indluden
Another fuldy Qualified Murse,with C.M.B. Certificate.
4ds Mons.Moynagh,Brefect Awostolic of Calabar,has a hospital awaiting our
first unit to takte oversin the meantime we arranged for two catholic secular
Murses to hold the hospital iild we are formed into a Religious Society.
Le) Minancial we have been able to support our members without going into
Rebts. Me have the interest on roughly M.250 a year. A su of 1.600,Hirst
Contribution to building fund. Bwentualdy domries & pension of Candidates whe
Mould e able to help ip this way,
rho gemnorois contributio of the Irish people which maw be rolied upon,as
Sdon as the worl will have received official recogmition from the Apostolic
Aee - whem it is our intontio to start burses for the expenses of training
An the Hiaeiop field we shald be supsorted by the Misciop,salaries, & Gow
frrooal fronlo Sor lao boorllalaaar oar honloro llll lo Srallaiods

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How attentive is the Loving Providence! Overcrowded train compartment is a badly fitted place for reflection, and I landed last night at Boher without any definite idea about the talks we had with Bishop Shanahan and Mgr Bearzotti. But, on arriving, I found that my letter of Friday was probably still on the way, for nobody... say no trap was there — and I had a lovely walk in the calm, mild night, under a milky sky, which gave light enough to find the way, and kept altogether the dear recollection of the resting nature. I had so an hour and a half to pray and think, and the conclusion is that the idea of Mgr Bearzotti is perhaps the best.

Some ten years ago, as I suppose Fr Gerard told you, a congregation of Benedictine Oblates was founded at Maredsous, for the purpose of ensuring a religious staff to the both Schools (Secondary, and Artcrafts). We met opposition in Rome, who refused to authorize a new congregation, and imposed to our Sisters obligation to join an old one; they went first to make novitiate with the Oblates of Heverle (suburb of Louvain), after some years, a new foundation was made by Heverle in Maredsous, and they sent a Superioress of theirs, and also a Mistress of novices, and our Sisters made henceforth their novitiate in Maredsous, under the authority, of course, of those two, but the actual direction was totally in the hands of the Fr Director. And, last year, the new foundation, having already a good number of perpetual professed, was separated from Heverle, and erected as a special congregation, under His Grace the Bishop of Namur.

I am sure we could go on similar lines, and without the same difficulties, as the Holy See invites the existant Orders — say S. Benedict's — to form special separated branches for the new Medical work in Missions.

So, I would send an address of thanksgiving, as I told you, but, by the hands of Dom Pierre Bastien, a renowned Canonist, and our Procurator in Rome. The address would mention that some Irish Girls, longing for some time for such work, and preparing themselves in the spirit of S. Benedict, and under guidance of his sons, ask for the Blessing of the Holy Father, and are ready to follow the lines traced in the recent Act of the S.C. de Propaganda Fide.

In the same time, I shall write to Maredsous, and ask for a complete exposition of what was done to obtain approval; and altogether, for kind communication of the Rules, as we use to call them Constitutions, because the Rule is that of S. Benedict, adapted by the foresaid Constitutions.

I shall write also to an American Abbot, my old friend, and ask him for very particulars about the so numerous houses of Benedictine Nuns, who live a very busy life in Schools and Colleges, Academies of Art and Hospital over the whole of United States. Their Constitutions would be a great help on resolving many problems, as by instances the question of Divine Office.

For the Constitutions of America and Maredsous, I write immediately. For D. Pierre Bastien, I expect the advice of His Excellency the Nuncio. But better I think to avoid long delays, and, as soon as you can give me a word about, I write to Rome, to know how Fr Bastien will understand the whole business. I know him personally (he is a monk of Maredsous) and acted always very friendly with Him. Then we shall draft the address — may the Holy Ghost inspire us.

Just to-day, I see a little magazine, published by a new society of Missionaries — the inspiration of whom came from my brother — on Medical aid begun in An Kuo, the town where was founded the first monastery of men and of women founded by my brother, at the request of his Chinese Bishop. I should send it, but it is written in French. If it can help you, I will have it translated into English and sent over.

The boys received me, not only well, but heartily, and expressed me already two or three times, that it was far better when I am here... Were it possible to give them all what I have in the heart, but has to pass by the mouth, and is met by the horrible barrier of the language!

Your daughters delighted to hear that things are going ahead, and that your regretted absence means good work for M.M.M.

Dear Christopher was not the last to say his pleasure to have me again. He is in "great trouble" about his weekly letter. "Miss Martin is in Dublin, and I don't know where to find the address of Mummy." Of course he thinks he had it, but the trouble is to know where he put it.

Graces and happiness must be bought by crosses. I found here a letter of Archbishop Harty, recalling Fr Ryan immediately. He must be on duty on Saturday next, and His Grace wants him to be in Thurles a few days previously, to take instruction from his predecessor in the College. This is a bad stroke. Pray Our Dear Lord to give me light and help, and to love Him every day more, and more sincerely — since to those who love God all helps to good.

Best remembrances to your dear mother, and our so kind — and [patient?] — last "chauffeur".

May the blessing of God rest on you, and foster the saint work you associate me to,

ORIGINAL OCR

Hom attentiwe is the Koving Providence ( Owescrowed traip compartiment
is a bad fitted Slace to rSSexion, and I landed last pight at Boher without
Any definite idea about the taiks we had with Bishop shanaham and Mgr Bear-
7otti. But,on arriving, I found that my letter of Mriday was probablw atii
1p way,for aobody. ..say no trap was thete - aad E had a Movely walte ip the
calr,mild sight,under a milky sky,which gave light enough to find the way,
And Kept altogether the dear recollection of the reating nature. I had so
Am hour and a half to pray and think, and the conclusion. is that the idea oR
Mgc Rearotti is perhaps the best.
Some ten years ago, as I supbose Er Gerard told you,a co gregation of Ben
Sdictine Oblates was founded at Haredsous, for the purpose of enaurimg a re)d
igious staff to the both Schools (Gecondary,and Artcrafts). we met opbosition
In Rome, who refused to authorize a new corregatior, and imposed to our Gis-
ter obligatiop to joit ap o1d one,they went forst to make nowitiate with the
Abdates of Heverle (suburb of Kouvaind, after some years,a nem Coudatior waR
made by Hewerle in Maredsous, and they sent a Superioress of theirs,and also
A Mistress of novices, and our Sisters made henceforth their nowitiate ip Me
redaous,under the authority,of course of those two, but the actua) direction
Me totaddy is the hands of the Fr Director. And,last wvear, the re fouadato
Havirg already a gaod number of perpetual profesRes, was GeparateS FTOm Hevon
Ae,and erected as s ssecial congregation,under His Grace the Bishos of Hamu
I am sure we could go op similar lines,and without the same difficultier,
As the Holy See ivites the existant Orders - say S.Benedict's - to Eori spo
cial separated branches Cor tho pow Modical worl iD Misaions
Ao, E would send ap adress ot tharkegiving, as f told you, but, Hy tho
hands of Bom Pierre Bastien. o renomb Csnorist,and our Brocurator ir Rome.
the address wonld mentione that some Mrish Girls,(onging for aometies for
Aucb work. and preparing themselves in the spirit of S.Benedict,and under
puidance of hie sons,ask Cor the Blessing of the Koly Father,and are readr
to foldow the libes traced ip the recent Act of the S.C.de Propagands wide.
In the same time, T shail write to Maredsous,and ask for a completo expo-
Sitiop of what was dome to obtaip approwal s and altogether,Cor kind comurM.
catio o6 the Rhles a we use to cal them C hstitutions, Hecause the Role 10
that of O.Benedict,adapted by the foresaid Constitutions.
3 shald write also to ap Americap Abbot, my cld friend,and ask him for r
Ery particulars ahont the so numerous douses of Benddictine Nuns,who (ive al
wery busy 1ife ip Achools and Coldeges,Academies of Art and Hospital owor
the whole of United States. Their Consitutions would be a great help om rosol
wing many probleme,as by instances the question of Sivine office.
Mor the Constitutions of America and Haredsous, M write immediatoly. for
D.Pierre Bastien,I expect the advice of His Mxcellence the Mur tio. But betten

I thipk to avoid Mong delavs, and,as soon as you cap give me a word ab.
Sut, I write to Home, to tnow how Fr Basticon will understand the whoMe
business. I Enor him personaly Jhe is a monk of Maredsous) ard acted al
Hays verw Eriendly with Him.1 Then we shall draft the address - mway the
Holw Chast inspire us.
Juat to day, I see a (ittie magazine, published by a new society of
Miscionaries - the ispitatiop of whom came from my rother - op Medic-
Al aid begup ip Ap kuo, the tomo where was founded the first monastorw
of mem and ot women founded by may brother,at the reduest of his Chinese
Bishop. ( shonld send it,but it is writtep ip french. 15 it car help
Nou, I widd have if translated into english and sent over.
3he boye received me,not only well,but heartily,and expresaed me al-
readw two or three tines, that is was far better wher I am here ...i Mero
At possible to give the a11 what I have ib the heart, Sut has to paso
My the mouth, and is Meot by the horrible barrier of the languaget
Your daughters delighted to hear that thipge are going ahead, and tia
Mour regretted alsence mesns goed work for M.M.M.
Dear Christopher was not the last to say his plcasure to hawe me ag
Ain. He is ir "great trouble' about his weetly letter. "iiae Martip ic
in Sublin, and Edont know where to find the address of MumMy O5 CourRe
Re thirdta Me Had if, bat the taomlde is to dom whera dae out id
Gracss and haopineas muet be Hought by crosses. ( Cound here a Jetten
oE Archbichop Harty,recalding Mr Ryap immediately. He must be oa duty ro
Paturdny next, and His Grace wants hdm to be ir Thurles a fer davs prowe
Aouslw, to take instruction from his predecessor in the Coldege. mhis ia
5 had atroke. Araw our dear Mord to giwe me light and help, and to 1owo
himm every day more, and more sincerely - since to those who Lowe Codsalg
Helps to good.
Lact "chauffeug
Hest remembrances to your dear mother, and our so kind - and pee
Mav the bleasing of God rast on you,and foster the sait worE
sou asasciate me to,

Mother Mary Martin to what appears to be Fr. Paschal Robinson. Regarding approval of Society.

PARTIAL TRANSCRIPTION

I shall have to ask your Excellency in your great char.
ity to make all the arrangements with the Sacred Congregation of F
Fide and later on with the S. C. of Religious for us and to instruc 6
me in what ever procedures may be I should take at cach stap, as
I am absolutely ignorant of all such matters.
I shall await Fr Prscrs return at the end of the
month meet him in town and have an interview with you. Then I must
set about arranging to find a staff to run here according to Fr.
Priors wishes, in hte meantime i am on the 1ook out for a house in
Dublin or convient to it to accommodate ten to Twelve persons. We
Start to-day a novena to Our Lady Mother of Livine grovicence to
find us our first home.
Wou remember Father Kelly S.J. whe originally asked me
to go to see your Exceldency, I wrote to him telling him of your
Suggestion and advice, teling him I and My Compamions wished to
follow it even if we seceived an answer from his Lordship with "Yes
unlcss you adviscs me ctherwise, he is very Elcascd with the dccisio
we have come to for the erection of M.M.M. " It is a immediate direc
Stap towards ecclesiastical recognition and it will not be subsect

Short note regarding Rome. Sent from the Bishops house in Cavan.

Letter to Monsignor Moynagh from Greenbank Monkstown. No author, but presumably Mary Martin.

ROUGH TRANSCRIPTION

Dear Monsignor Moynach,
Wery many thanks indedd for your wery welcome Letter
And for writing so fully. Of course, your dccision came as a dis-
Appointment to us, but we appreciste the grounds which determined
3ou, and are very grateful for the good will that you have Kor the
future of our Society.
1t is a matter of great regret to me that my letter
Dy air mail to you was neccssarily so hurricd and incomplete. 15
1 had had time, 1 should have given you a fuld account of the cir-
cumstances in which our decision was reached. You know howLdiff.
Acult it is to sive a picture of these things in s lctter., cspeciay
when they are very complicated and involve a number of people. And
Anfortunately Che pricsts from whem you masht have exoecled to learn
About the circmmstances, in fact knew nothsng of them. I am afriid
my letter merely stressed the necessity for immediate action withoub
fuddy explaining the reasons for it and did Miltle to show how mucR
1 forsaw your praciical difficulties. As. te the explanations, I
fesl if I had succeeded in giving you an adequate account of these,
cumstanccs in which our decision was reached. Kou kenow HowdnEE
icult it is to give a picture of these things in a letter, cspecially
Mhen they are very complicated and involve a number of people. And
unfortunately the pricsts from whom you might have expected to learn
About the circumstances, in fact knew notheng of them. I am afriid
ry letter mercly stressed the neccssity for immediate action withonG
fuldy explaining the rcasons for it and did Mittle to show How mucn
1 forsaw your practical difficudties. As te the explanations, I
fell if I had succceded in giving you an adequate account of these,
Nou would have agrecd with all who have advised me in full Knowledge
of the circumstances.As to ways and means, I should Have Miked
to have relieved you of a great dcal of the responsibilities thab
3ou maust have fclt at the prospect of acceptins us so unconditionat
2.
May I try to this nowo I wish humbly to asle of you 9
Aurther fawour, which is to reconsider your decision at least to
the extent of accepting two members with oyself in January 1957, in
Aight of he following considgrationsr
aJ The ercction of M.M.M into s religious Society is absclute,
2 requisite. 1f this is to be in your Wicariate, the wisitatio,
of His Exceldency, Monsigaor Riberi widl Providentialdy pemmit ti9
4o be done with the mimimur delay and with the least trouble to
wourself.
b3 Our present indetemmminate status make all progress for

us impossible. We cannet clist sympathy or support. It is diffi.
cult to recruit suitable and qualified members, and it becomea
more clear cach day that it wo dd be extremely undasirable to
Attempt to live a corporate 1ife in Dublin even this year.
3 It is not merely s question of risking Loss of oportun.
ities and wocations. Ih spite of our retirement at Glenstal and.
our discretion, something is known of our aimus and intentions. Ir
our prcsent position, we cannot give any public account of ourselw.
es, and there is wery real danger that the attitude may be adopted
2
towards usthat will be misinfsrmed and perhaps unsympathetic.
d) wat I have to propose to your consideration appears to
me to be the solution of difficul ties on both sides. Three of us
mith the " buona religiosa " will with the faculities thet have
been afforded us, from Rome, be sufficient to start a novitiate.
Monsignor Riberi has very kindly taken steps to sccure a Religious
for us.
Ro take first the practical aspeets of this proposal. There
is th question of my health., this I feel 1 must take full respon-
Sibility for myself, having consulted competent advice on this matter
M delicate health is a precious gift from God and I believe He wils
1aa
by/ acting with humility according to the Doctors advice using great
care and discretion bring me through the time that is absolutely
neceasary for me to remain personally in Africa.-
Therccan be me to be the rsolution of difficulties on botb sides. Three of us
mith the " buona religiosa " will with the faculities that have
been afforded us, from Rome be sufficient to start a novitiate.
Monsignor Riberi has very kindly taken steps to secure a Religious
for us.
ro take first the practical aspeets of this proposal. There
is th question of my health., this 1 feel I must take fuld respon
Sibility for mysclf, having consulted corapetent advice on this maatter
Mydelicate health is a precious gift from God and M believe He wile
HaR
Dy acting with humility according to the Doctors advice using great
care and discretion bring me through the time that is absolutely
necessary for me to remain personally in Africa.- Therecan be
mo holding back, once the offering Mas bean made, risks must be
taken when things are necessary to accomplish Gods will. So I take
full responsibility for my health and will have full instructions
from the doctor as to all that is humanly possible to help me dur-
ing the coming year.
mere is Mae seconddyquestion of msindenance, I thirke it ondy
Just, owing toous being unable to do active works for you during
our years novitiate that we suoport ourselves - using the funds I had
saved for the house in Dublin, trusting in God's Lovins Providenee
for our future needs,

There is further the point which you raise as to the qualificatinn
of our members, a point which I have always held to be, paramount
importance. The difficulty is that during the required spiritua
Vear, our members will not be able to act in a qualified capacity
Now there scems to be really less waste of time in the end if a
number of us were to under go this novitiate as soon as possible
because the status we shall thereby acquire will enable us much mo
casily to recruit qualified doctors and nurses, and it will be poa
Sible to staff the hospital with these, withdrawing them in turn
As qualified and professed members are ready to take their places
on the other hand, if our year of novitiate is prosponed for anob
er twelve months, we shall continue to encountar our present diffn
ties in recruitingt due to the uncertainty of our position J and
our members who will have qualified in the meantime will have to
retire for a further year in order to undergo their novitiate.
At the end of the novitiate of the first group professed, two membe
Having their C.W.B. cert. will Have been professed and ready fon
Mork in the hospital as religious. I myself shall at last be in
A position to interest people in the work, recruit suitable subjec
And financial assistance andestablish a novitiate, for the qualife
Subiec ts to enter. Andto refer again to my health, please do EI bwe Lve mon ths, we shatl contlnue to cncountdr our present difid
ties in recruitingt due to the uncertainty of our position J and
our members who will have qualified in the meantime will have to
retire for o further year in order to undergo their novitiate.
At the end of the novitiate of the first group professed, two membe)
having their C.M.B. cert. will have been professed and ready for
work in the hospital as religious.I wyself shall at last be An
A position to interest people in the work, recruit suitable subiect,
And financial assistance andestablish a novitiate, for the qualdfiec
Subiects to enter. Andto refer again to my health, please do
not think that because of th e confidence I have expressed in the
Providence of God, I have quite neglected considerations of prudence
In fact, the proposed step appcars to me to be one which widd enab,
me to do the maximum for M.M.M. with the least possible strain or
my physical resources.
I only wish that it was possible to dacuss ald these
metters with you personaliy. Thers is so much to considar that it
seems a hopeless task to attempt by correspondance with its delays
And the Miability of misunderstandings.Wou can weld imnagine how
Anxious I am to have things definitely fixed as to going or not aB
1 have so many girls on my hands.
Wou wild, I know, appreciate the complexities of my pes-
ition. I hae the responsibility of arranging the immediate future
of the members in the midst of a host of praciyical difficulties, and And have tot take care that no step is taken which wild endanger
the ultimate interests of the work, while takcnginto full account
And consideration the convience of all whese promise of assistance
has done so much to encourage me. I should certainly have been
Appalled at the difficulties if I had not been able to count on tho
Advice of good friends and especialdy dn that of Their Excellencics
The Nuncio and Monsignor Riberi.
And as you see I rea 1y want to ask the mimnimum of yon,
And merely that you allow us to have our domicile for thds vitale
Jear in you Vicariate. Please do not bother very much aboub
Accommodation we shall be able to provide this for ourselves as
our requirements will be extremely simple. and all that would be
immediately required is quite temporary accommodationfor three,
while we prepare our own quarters. Untill these are ready, we
nced not live as a group if there should be any difficulties in
the way, and the arrival of the religious could be deferred untild
then.
Wou may feel however that even with these provisions made
our presence in your Vicariate would involve you in more that you
Mould wish to undertake, and that you would prefers that we sougMt
shelter elsewhere. in which case I shall fudly understand and ae our requirements will be extremely simple, and all that would be
immediately required is quite temporary accommodationfor three
while we prepare our own quarters.Untill these are ready, we
nced not live as a group if there should be any difficulties in
the way, and the arrival of the religious could be deferred untild
then.
Wou may feel however that even with these provisions mado
our presence in your Vicariate would involve you in more that yom
rould mish te undertshe, and that you moudld prefers that me scnsEt
shelter elsewhere. in which case I shall fully understand and ae
cept your decisionwith regret but with a sincere feeling of gratit
ude for the consideration you have shown for us.
I should, however be grateful for an imnmediate and definite
reply by cable as to whether these of us might sail by the boat (
Acavins on the
which would enable us to reach Calabar
Your Sister Mary has sust been home for a week and found
Ald we M at home cl. and Garcsa is as hanoy as sassible at Cancete
In union of prayer in the hearts of Jesus and Mary.
I remain,
Yours Wery sincerely and gratefud child

AI CLEANED TEXT

Dear Monsignor Moynach, Very many thanks indeed for your very welcome letter and for writing so fully. Of course, your decision came as a disappointment to us, but we appreciate the grounds which determined you, and are very grateful for the goodwill that you have for the future of our Society. It is a matter of great regret to me that my letter by air mail to you was necessarily so hurried and incomplete. If I had had time, I should have given you a full account of the circumstances in which our decision was reached. You know how difficult it is to give a picture of these things in a letter, especially when they are very complicated and involve a number of people. And unfortunately, the priests from whom you might have expected to learn about the circumstances, in fact, knew nothing of them. I am afraid my letter merely stressed the necessity for immediate action without fully explaining the reasons for it and did little to show how much I foresaw your practical difficulties. As to the explanations, I feel if I had succeeded in giving you an adequate account of these circumstances in which our decision was reached, you would have agreed with all who have advised me in full knowledge of the circumstances. As to ways and means, I should have liked to have relieved you of a great deal of the responsibilities that you must have felt at the prospect of accepting us so unconditionally. May I try to do this now? I wish humbly to ask of you a further favor, which is to reconsider your decision at least to the extent of accepting two members with myself in January 1957, in light of the following considerations: a) The erection of M.M.M. into a religious Society is absolutely requisite. If this is to be in your Vicariate, the visitation of His Excellency, Monsignor Riberi, will providentially permit this to be done with the minimum delay and with the least trouble to yourself. b) Our present indeterminate status makes all progress difficult. You would have agreed with all who have advised me in full knowledge.

It is impossible. We cannot elicit sympathy or support. It is difficult to recruit suitable and qualified members, and it becomes more clear each day that it would be extremely undesirable to attempt to live a corporate life in Dublin even this year. It is not merely a question of risking loss of opportunities and vocations. In spite of our retirement at Glenstal and our discretion, something is known of our aims and intentions. In our present position, we cannot give any public account of ourselves, and there is a very real danger that the attitude may be adopted towards us that will be misinformed and perhaps unsympathetic. What I have to propose to your consideration appears to me to be the resolution of difficulties on both sides. Three of us with the "buona religiosa" will, with the faculties that have been afforded us from Rome, be sufficient to start a novitiate. Monsignor Riberi has very kindly taken steps to secure a Religious for us. To take first the practical aspects of this proposal, there is the question of my health. I feel I must take full responsibility for myself, having consulted competent advice on this matter. My delicate health is a precious gift from God and I believe He will, by acting with humility according to the doctor's advice and using great care and discretion, bring me through the time that is absolutely necessary for me to remain personally in Africa. There can be no holding back once the offering has been made; risks must be taken when things are necessary to accomplish God's will. So I take full responsibility for my health and will have full instructions from the doctor as to all that is humanly possible to help me during the coming year. There is the secondary question of maintenance. I think it only just, owing to our being unable to do active work for you during our years of novitiate, that we support ourselves—using the funds I had saved for the house in Dublin, trusting in God's loving providence for our future needs.

There is further the point which you raise as to the qualification of our members, a point which I have always held to be of paramount importance. The difficulty is that during the required spiritual year, our members will not be able to act in a qualified capacity. Now there seems to be really less waste of time in the end if a number of us were to undergo this novitiate as soon as possible because the status we shall thereby acquire will enable us much more easily to recruit qualified doctors and nurses, and it will be possible to staff the hospital with these, withdrawing them in turn as qualified and professed members are ready to take their places. On the other hand, if our year of novitiate is postponed for another twelve months, we shall continue to encounter our present difficulties in recruiting due to the uncertainty of our position, and our members who will have qualified in the meantime will have to retire for a further year in order to undergo their novitiate. At the end of the novitiate of the first group professed, two members having their C.W.B. certificate will have been professed and ready for work in the hospital as religious. I myself shall at last be in a position to interest people in the work, recruit suitable subjects, and financial assistance, and establish a novitiate for the qualified subjects to enter. And to refer again to my health, please do not think that because of the confidence I have expressed in the Providence of God, I have quite neglected considerations of prudence. In fact, the proposed step appears to me to be one which would enable me to do the maximum for M.M.M. with the least possible strain on my physical resources. I only wish that it was possible to discuss all these matters with you personally. There is so much to consider that it seems a hopeless task to attempt by correspondence with its delays and the likelihood of misunderstandings. You can well imagine how anxious I am to have things definitely fixed as to going or not, as I have so many girls on my hands. You will, I know, appreciate the complexities of my position. I have the responsibility of arranging the immediate future of the members in the midst of a host of practical difficulties, and I have to take care that no step is taken which would endanger the ultimate interests of the work while taking into full account and consideration the convenience of all whose promise of assistance has done so much to encourage me. I should certainly have been appalled at the difficulties if I had not been able to count on the advice of good friends, and especially on that of Their Excellencies the Nuncio and Monsignor Riberi. As you see, I really want to ask the minimum of you, and merely that you allow us to have our domicile for this vital year in your Vicariate. Please do not bother very much about accommodation, as we shall be able to provide this for ourselves, and our requirements will be extremely simple. All that would be immediately required is quite temporary accommodation for three, while we prepare our own quarters. Until these are ready, we need not live as a group if there should be any difficulties in the way, and the arrival of the religious could be deferred until then. You may feel, however, that even with these provisions made, our presence in your Vicariate would involve you in more than you would wish to undertake, and that you would prefer that we sought shelter elsewhere. In which case, I shall fully understand and accept your decision with regret but with a sincere feeling of gratitude for the consideration you have shown us. I should, however, be grateful for an immediate and definite reply by cable as to whether three of us might sail by the boat leaving on the *** Your Sister Mary has just been home for a week and found all well at home. Clara is as happy as possible at Convent. In union of prayer in the hearts of Jesus and Mary, I remain, Yours very sincerely and grateful child

From Joseph Brosnahan fo the Corbally Cycling and Hiking Club, seeking permission to visit the grounds.

The letter is erroneously dated 1933. The true date is not known.

ROUGH TRANSCRIPTION

Dear Reverend Frior,
The Mombers of the above Club wild bo
in the vicinity of Glentstal during their outing on
Sunday nezt, the sch of May. (Leatke, DelAil.9
I have been asked by the Committee
to write to you with a view to obtaining your permission
Eo visit the Grounds.
1 shall be tharkul for a reply.
Your Obedient Servant,

Document entitled "Cause de l'ascension et de la decadence d l'imperialism Anglais aux Indes". No author given.

ROUGH TRANSCRIPTION
11 y a plusieurs manierse ds comprendro ia cclcnisa
tion. on peut cu bien traiter los indigenes en esclavee ou bien
Avcir sur sux une influence civilisatrice et les conduire au pro
AEEs scus une dabile directicn.
Dans le premier cas, scuvent, 1es indigenes ne pouvant
supncrter la tyranmie tentent de se Libiror du scug de Leppres
seur.
Mcus allcns vcir ccmuent la Liberaticn ss prcduit aussi
Par le seccnd prcesae.
An 1557. les indiens s inourgent contre (a Gompagnie
AngLaisS, 1a revolte dss cipayss est a deux dcigte de reussir. 1A
Grande Bretagne met alcrs directement 1 nde scue la ccuronne
britannique. elle serass ies revcltes et les chatis durement.
Cest la dcminaticn brutale a Laquelle les Anglais vont
sagement roncncer. bne fois maitres de la si tuaticn, ils e effor
cerent, en Mons ccicnisatours, d etendre la civilisaticn et ds s
Attacher les indigenes par uns bonne administraticn.
Tant au pcint de vue intellectuel par la fondaticn d'acc
les et de colieges qu au pcint de vue mcral. par ia prcpagaticn
de Lapcstc Lat anretien. cathclique aussi bien que prc testamt:
tant sur le terrain pclitique par un gouvernement sage et tolerant
qus sur le terrain sconcmique en fournissant aux indigenes les pra,
duits fabriques en cchange de leur travail. les Auglaie se cencie
Lierent ('cpinion nindgue. Pendant la guerre de 191s, nan seule
ment de nombreux cfiiciers et scus cfficiere anslais purent aban

Acnner kiinde mais des regiments entiers de scldats hindous riny
rent combattre pour la mere patrie avec un courage et une ardeur
magnifique.
L'effcrt de colcnisaticn des Anglais n alla cependant pas
tcusours sans peins : les Anglaie durent parfcis employer la force
pcur s cppcser aux anciennes ccutumes barbaree, comme cette habi
tude malsaine qu avaient les reuves de se laisser bruler vives sur
La tombe de leurs marie.
Tcutss ces diificuites. Liangleterre les surmcnta et el le
parvint par scn habilete et sa sagessea se gagner 1cpinien.
Mous vcici donc a L'apogde de 1i imperialisme anglais
Aux Indes. Voyons oomment cette puissance materielle et morale
va decrcitre .et iamx ccnetatons ce paenomene curieux : a civi
Lisaticn arsit ccncilie les Hindous a LAncleterre. ia civilisaticn
Les en slcigne auscura nui.
11 est ncrmal en effet qu un peuple qui se develcppe
mcralement et intellectuellement. qui sonrichit. pronne plus hau
to conscience de lui meme ot aspire a Lindependance. C'est ainsi
que ie naticnalisme naissait aux w indse des pregres de la civili
sation.
3n ne peut dater avsc exactitude le pcint de depart de
ce mcuvement. Des avant la guerre il existait mais faiblement.
I fallut des circcnstances extirieures plus graves pour que 1e
desir de Iinaependance se rerslat au grand scur.
Mne des canses cccasionnelles de riveil est sans nul dou
te ia grande guerre. La guerres murit un hom e, elle developpe
une naticn. La grande querre ut dans beauccup de pavs une influ
ence proicnde sur la mentalite. on sait quel bculeversement elle
preduisit dans netre paye. Aux indes, elle devait avcir aussi de

grandss repercussicne.
Je L'ai dit : les scidate hindoue n hdsiterent pae a
vereer leur sang pour celie qu'ils considiraient comme leur bien
faitrice. Mais ie contact des Marcpeen. et des pays ibres et 1a
auerrs leur dcnnerent d une part L'amcur de I'independance et a
Aulre part le sentiment de leur iorce.
Ce n'est pas ia premiere fcis qus Les anglais vcient
Ainsi Leurs ccicnies prendre ccnccience d elles memes et se re
Anr tcurner ccntre leur gouvernement a la suite d une guerre scu
tenue ccte a ccte. Je parle nc tammmentde ia revcluticn d Amerique Ar
dent une des grandes causes fut la fin de 1a lutte des Americaino
ccntre ies irancais et les indiene.
Mais ce n etait pas encore assez pour semer 1a discorde
entre Angiais et Hindous. ia prepagande allemande ss chargsa du
roete. Los Ablemands avaieht comorie quun grand atout de La viclci
re stait la divicicn dans le camp de Liennemi : aus si tenterent i1s
Avec plus qu mcine de succis suivant (es paysn de semer la discor
de chez leurs adversairss et principalement en excitant les
sentiments raciques des peuples.
Leur campagne abcutit en Rassie a La Revclution de 1917.
en Irlande au squlevement de 1916. Chez ncus non plus qu aux in
des, tant que dura la guerre slle n eut pas d lefiets. Mais 1a
semence de disccrde ocur germer a longue schcance a'en germa pas
mcins. C'est ainsi que ('cavit en Belgique se ddvelcpper dans d
gncrmes prcportions las mouvements flamingants ot frcntistes.
Mn eypte. clle abcutit a 1a orcclamatian de Lindependan.
Le 5
An 1315 ad.a, iangletorre avait concids a ('inds une

Sorte de danstitution encore en vigueur auscurd hui. Mais 1es
Indiens veulent plus : ils exigent L'independance. tn grand moure
ment autcnomicte s'est constitue a la tete duquel ss trcuve Gandhi,
La mahatma venere ot cheri des Hindcus.
Le apuvernement anglais tente par tcus les mcyens Pcssi
bles d'ompecher la revcbution de I'inde . tantot il tente de re
gacner la sympathie de tamns ses administres en slebcrant un adu
veau prciet de canstituticn plus liberal, tantet it s'effcrcs de
rdprimer ia revclte en efenmant son chef Gandni. Mais Lon cser at
tenter a ses sours, car sa Moort equivaudrait & pour L'Angleterre
A un MoAgY sculevement gendral de 1 inde. Le mahatma ccnnait 12
popularite dcnt il scuit : il la merite du reste car pcur chtenir
1a rdalisaticn des vceux des Hindous il se depense sans ccmpter. On
se rappelle ses Jounes prolongis et (enthcusiasme delirant de 1
Inde ontiers lorequ'a L'annonce albne cancossion faite par M MaG
Mcnal a L'inde 1e mahatma consentit a prendre une citccnnade au
Sucre.
Malgre La benne administaation anglaise, tous lee .qure

Les partisans de L'autcncmie auguentent et tcus les scurs les Hin.
dcus scnt plus meantents du gcuvernement : il nlest pas facile Ar
dans ces canditicns de ccntenter une pcpulaticn de pres de Emr
350 millicns d habitants aussi disparates que les Hindcus. La
orise ecanomique mandiale ne fait qu'auamenter le mdccntentement.
Mn resume . Limperialieme anglais s etablit aux indes
A'abord par la iorce, puis Ao par la civilisaticn. Apres une preid
ds de prand Loyalisme dant nous avons une preuve dclataat dans
1a cenduite des regimente hindcus pendant la grande guerre. Liee
prit naticnalists s'infiltre peu a peu. La guerre develcpoa et aug
menta dans d encrmes propcrticns le sentiment de la race que 1a
civilisaticn avait introduit. La propagande allemande puis 1a
criss cccnomique font 1e reste et a 1'heure actuelle L'Angleterre
vcit sd colcnie se riveiller, se radresser. Mordra t slle oomme
1e sersent mcrdit 1e bashercn qui le richaaffa dans scn sein 3
C'sst le secret de demain.
Teldes scnt ies causes de la decadence de M'imperialieme
Si cn ies envisage du cote de L'inde.
Mais cn serait inesmplet si 1on ns parlait pas des
causes qui viennent de 1Angleterre ma meme. Les velleitis d in
dependance de 1 linde cnt ts Lavcrisses par ( arrivde au pouvcir
Au parti travailliete qui imbu des idees de Jean Jacques est
touscurs oret a rslaaner mdmamamamA L'autorite. M Mac Donald
A Pout ctre fait sutant scur afiriblir 1a deminaticn ansiaise are
Les Allemaads oux momes.
Los iadiens ne rogretteront ile par un sour. LGrsqu:iL
cerent detts du Farlement que ieur offre le gouvernoment mamAmdrS,
Ansiais, la dictature das bens vice rcis ( E avenir le dira.

AI assisted cleaned text:

Il y a plusieurs manières de comprendre la colonisation. On peut ou bien traiter les indigènes en esclaves ou bien avoir sur eux une influence civilisatrice et les conduire au progrès sous une habile direction.

Dans le premier cas, souvent, les indigènes ne pouvant supporter la tyrannie tentent de se libérer du joug de l'oppresseur. Nous allons voir comment la libération se produit aussi par le second procédé.

En 1857, les Indiens s'insurgent contre la Compagnie Anglaise, la révolte des Cipayes est à deux doigts de réussir. La Grande-Bretagne met alors directement l'Inde sous la couronne britannique. Elle écrase les révoltés et les châtie durement.

C'est la domination brutale à laquelle les Anglais vont sagement renoncer. Une fois maîtres de la situation, ils s'efforcèrent, en bons colonisateurs, d'étendre la civilisation et de s'attacher les indigènes par une bonne administration.

Tant au point de vue intellectuel par la fondation d'écoles et de collèges qu'au point de vue moral, par la propagation de l'apostolat chrétien, catholique aussi bien que protestant ; tant sur le terrain politique par un gouvernement sage et tolérant que sur le terrain économique en fournissant aux indigènes les produits fabriqués en échange de leur travail, les Anglais se concilièrent l'opinion hindoue.

Pendant la guerre de 1914, non seulement de nombreux officiers et sous-officiers anglais purent abandonner l'Inde, mais des régiments entiers de soldats hindous vinrent combattre pour la mère patrie avec un courage et une ardeur magnifiques.

L'effort de colonisation des Anglais n'alla cependant pas toujours sans peines : les Anglais durent parfois employer la force pour s'opposer aux anciennes coutumes barbares, comme cette habitude malsaine qu'avaient les veuves de se laisser brûler vives sur la tombe de leurs maris.

Toutes ces difficultés, l'Angleterre les surmonta et elle parvint par son habileté et sa sagesse à se gagner l'opinion.

Nous voici donc à l'apogée de l'impérialisme anglais aux Indes. Voyons comment cette puissance matérielle et morale va décroître, et nous constatons ce phénomène curieux : la civilisation avait concilié les Hindous à l'Angleterre, la civilisation les en éloigne aujourd'hui.

Il est normal en effet qu'un peuple qui se développe moralement et intellectuellement, qui s'enrichit, prenne plus haute conscience de lui-même et aspire à l'indépendance. C'est ainsi que le nationalisme naissait aux Indes des progrès de la civilisation.

On ne peut dater avec exactitude le point de départ de ce mouvement. Dès avant la guerre il existait mais faiblement. Il fallut des circonstances extérieures plus graves pour que le désir de l'indépendance se révélât au grand jour.

Une des causes occasionnelles de réveil est sans nul doute la grande guerre. La guerre mûrit un homme, elle développe une nation. La grande guerre eut dans beaucoup de pays une influence profonde sur la mentalité. On sait quel bouleversement elle produisit dans notre pays. Aux Indes, elle devait avoir aussi de grandes répercussions.

Je l'ai dit : les soldats hindous n'hésitèrent pas à verser leur sang pour celle qu'ils considéraient comme leur bienfaitrice. Mais le contact des Européens et des pays libres et la guerre leur donnèrent d'une part l'amour de l'indépendance et d'autre part le sentiment de leur force.

Ce n'est pas la première fois que les Anglais voient ainsi leurs colonies prendre conscience d'elles-mêmes et se retourner contre leur gouvernement à la suite d'une guerre soutenue côte à côte. Je parle notamment de la révolution d'Amérique dont une des grandes causes fut la fin de la lutte des Américains contre les Français et les Indiens.

Mais ce n'était pas encore assez pour semer la discorde entre Anglais et Hindous. La propagande allemande se chargea du reste. Les Allemands avaient compris qu'un grand atout de la victoire était la division dans le camp de l'ennemi : aussi tentèrent-ils avec plus ou moins de succès suivant les pays de semer la discorde chez leurs adversaires et principalement en excitant les sentiments raciques des peuples.

Leur campagne aboutit en Russie à la Révolution de 1917, en Irlande au soulèvement de 1916. Chez nous non plus qu'aux Indes, tant que dura la guerre elle n'eut pas d'effets. Mais la semence de discorde, pour germer à longue échéance, n'en germa pas moins. C'est ainsi que l'on vit en Belgique se développer dans d'énormes proportions les mouvements flamingants et frontistes. En Égypte, elle aboutit à la proclamation de l'indépendance.

En 1919 déjà, l'Angleterre avait concédé à l'Inde une sorte de constitution encore en vigueur aujourd'hui. Mais les Indiens veulent plus : ils exigent l'indépendance. Un grand mouvement autonomiste s'est constitué à la tête duquel se trouve Gandhi, le Mahatma vénéré et chéri des Hindous.

Le gouvernement anglais tente par tous les moyens possibles d'empêcher la révolution de l'Inde : tantôt il tente de regagner la sympathie de tous ses administrés en élaborant un nouveau projet de constitution plus libéral, tantôt il s'efforce de réprimer la révolte en enfermant son chef Gandhi. Mais l'on n'ose attenter à ses jours, car sa mort équivaudrait pour l'Angleterre à un vaste soulèvement général de l'Inde. Le Mahatma connaît la popularité dont il jouit : il la mérite du reste car pour obtenir la réalisation des vœux des Hindous il se dépense sans compter. On se rappelle ses jeûnes prolongés et l'enthousiasme délirant de l'Inde entière lorsqu'à l'annonce d'une concession faite par M. MacDonald à l'Inde, le Mahatma consentit à prendre une citronnade au sucre.

Malgré la bonne administration anglaise, tous les jours les partisans de l'autonomie augmentent et tous les jours les Hindous sont plus mécontents du gouvernement : il n'est pas facile dans ces conditions de contenter une population de près de 350 millions d'habitants aussi disparates que les Hindous. La crise économique mondiale ne fait qu'augmenter le mécontentement.

En résumé, l'impérialisme anglais s'établit aux Indes d'abord par la force, puis par la civilisation. Après une période de grand loyalisme dont nous avons une preuve éclatante dans la conduite des régiments hindous pendant la grande guerre, l'esprit nationaliste s'infiltre peu à peu. La guerre développa et augmenta dans d'énormes proportions le sentiment de la race que la civilisation avait introduit. La propagande allemande puis la crise économique font le reste et à l'heure actuelle l'Angleterre voit sa colonie se réveiller, se redresser. Mordra-t-elle comme le serpent mordit le bûcheron qui le réchauffa dans son sein ? C'est le secret de demain.

Telles sont les causes de la décadence de l'impérialisme si on les envisage du côté de l'Inde.

Mais on serait incomplet si l'on ne parlait pas des causes qui viennent de l'Angleterre elle-même. Les velléités d'indépendance de l'Inde ont été favorisées par l'arrivée au pouvoir du parti travailliste qui, imbu des idées de Jean-Jacques [Rousseau], est toujours prêt à relâcher l'autorité. M. MacDonald a peut-être fait autant pour affaiblir la domination anglaise que les Allemands eux-mêmes.

Les Indiens ne regretteront-ils pas un jour, lorsqu'ils seront dotés du Parlement que leur offre le gouvernement anglais, la dictature des bons vice-rois ? L'avenir le dira.

Indemnity form for the Liverpool & London & Globe insurance Co. Ltd. Partially filled out, with no signatures nor dates.

Caritas.
Dear Father Prior
I am praying and thinking much
you all to.day, ending up off the great
Jubilee year. how rich in graces are all
these days. I also wonder has Miss O' Rourke
provisioned you all, with her cooking as I
understood from Miss Cleary yesterday that Cook
was going away for this week-end.
As you say I fear Lizzie is not improving
any complaints there were about the food
last time. I now attribute to her carelessness
at times, she evendently needs constant
supervision to keep her up to the standard
required this is what makes it so difficult
for you she is not a character one can
rely on- i many ways she is suitable
can cook well when she wishes so I
think it would be a mistake to make
any change before the beginning of next
school year._ Miss Nugents presence would
Greenbank
Monkstown
Low Sunday 1935.

April 35
probably remove a great deal of your worries
leave you more time for more important matters
Personally I think if she will go down as
suggested in Fr. Kings letter with the idea of
getting in touch with M.M.M. fall in with the
spiritual life of "Marys" daughters doing my work
under obedience to you without in any way
committing herself to M.M.M. or we being
committed to her_ I liked her much, she has
all the natural qualities I lack so much
she knows her own mind + is capable with
a good spirit.
Before taking her on definitely as a
member of M.M.M. I would need to have
full particulars from the Mother Prioress, also
these few months at Glenstal would give
you + Dom David a good idea as to
her suitability for M.M.M. She was
educated by Benedictine Nuns in America
Dom Marmions books are what express
her spiritual outlook. I shall probably
see her again on Tuesday so as to know
her better before coming to a decision when
receive your wishes which are mine.
Now to the compliments I have heard as

you will be weary after all this
forgive me.
Will you please tell Miss O' Rourke
Miss Leydon I await their letters
of Sunday before writing Owing to
circumstances my time has been much
occupied interviewing people
With all good wishes to all the
Monks. united in prayer.
your obedient child for
Sr Mary
9.

regards the food during the last term -
At times the food was not good
2) Did not receive enough especially porridge
at breakfast time.
) They received black + white pudding nearly
every day for breakfast. till lately.
4) the food was excellent up to the last term
but now the general conversation + question asked
is Is it true the food is very bad at
Glenstal?
I asked Natron did she hear much
from the boys her answer is as follows
About the food lately- I honestly think.
there was very little to complain about
at any time things were much better
I the kitchen lately Mary + Cook were
at peace. She also says: I am
glad F. Prior seems pleased I see very
little of him but I hope if there is any way
that I could be of further help that he
will tell me I don't like interfering
unless I am asked but I am very happy
interested in Glenstal + would love
to give any + all the help I could_
I think we have a good person in Matron
April 35
3.

of
manners and general conduct.
a thought struck me the other
day As the numbers are to small
to make a team for Foot. ball or
Hockey would it be possible to
make a small golf. course for the
teachers
Now just a word about M.M.M.
you will remember The two paper with
the agreements, could you let me have
the on back on which you have
agreed with the amount you consider
reasonable + just for the members
f M.M. M. to pay for their board and
Lodging till we have our own quarters
for ourselves 21 Also what
decision you have come to over the
holidays + The question of guests.
The reason why I need to know this
at present + is in the accepting of
candidates they will have to be able
to defray some of the expenses during
their years of formation.